Horsetail orthopedics 7100-F-OK-6-SJ

LECTURE CONTENT - basic knowledge in the field of orthopedic diseases of horses will expand students' knowledge about the most common diseases of the musculoskeletal system. An orthopedic examination will allow for the correct diagnosis of diseases of the skeletal system, joints, ligaments and tendons. Students' knowledge of basic disease entities related to incorrect postures will allow them to understand the pathology in the functioning of the thoracic and pelvic limbs, as well as diseases of the back.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF LABORATORY TOPICS:
1. Orthopedic anatomy of horse limbs (theoretical and practical classes). Familiarization with topographic anatomy in the clinical aspect. Drawing attention to particularly important topographic points of the limbs, back and neck areas, such as: bone points lying under the skin, synovial bursae, tendons and ligaments accessible for palpation, and joint recesses; also bone elements: lynx bones, fetlock sesamoids. Presentation of bone preparations.
2. Limb preparation. Practical classes (isolated limbs). Learning access and surgical techniques for basic orthopedic procedures. Familiarization with surgical anatomy on isolated limbs.
3. Orthopedic examination - diagram, discussion. Theoretical and practical discussion with presentation and practical exercises for students (classes take place in a live classroom).
4. Radiological examination - technique, most common projections, mistakes made. Detailed discussion of the correct performance of projections used in equine orthopedics (all joints are discussed). Presentation of radiographs of normal and pathological joints.
5. Diagnostic anesthesia - practical classes (isolated limbs). Getting to know the detailed anatomy of the finger joints. Intra-articular and hoof bursal injections. Contrast administration. Control of the precision of injections by taking X-rays and performing thorough preparation of the limbs. Injections under ultrasound control.
6. Principles of treatment used in orthopedics. Detailed discussion of methods of treating orthopedic diseases. Presentation of the effects of drugs administered intra-articularly, intramuscularly and intravenously. Overview of the latest news.
7. Fractures of limb bones. Treatment options. Discussion of the most common types of fractures occurring in sports horses. Discussion and presentation of methods of surgical treatment. Presentation of the principles of AO ASIF in the case of a fetlock fracture. Practical classes on isolated limbs.
8. Desmurgia. Wound treatment. Discussion and multimedia presentation of the most common wounds in horses with healing complications. Discussion and presentation of skin transplantation techniques. Applying dressings to the hoof and toe joints (mandatory for every student). Discussion and presentation of applying plaster casts and Robert Johnes dressings.
9. Intra-articular and perineural injections. Introduction to arthroscopy. Intra-articular punctures on isolated limbs (mandatory for every student). The classes are preceded by familiarization with the equipment and basic techniques in arthroscopy.
10. X-ray examination - practical classes. Taking x-rays to learn proper technique and x-ray projections. Projections including hard-to-reach joints - shoulder joint and knee joint.
11. Diseases of the tendons of the flexor and extensor muscles of the fingers. Detailed discussion of diseases of the tendons of the finger flexor and extensor muscles. The scope of the topic also includes tendon diseases in foals, such as contractures and their laxity. Presentation of the possibilities of surgical treatment and corrective shoeing of foals.
12. Sonographic examination - practical classes. Clinical and ultrasound examination of tendons in a horse. Practical classes on a live patient.
13. Purchase and sale research. Discussion of selected cases. Discussion of protocols and radiographs in specific clinical cases of horses subjected to purchase and sale examination. Paying special attention to critical points in the assessment of radiographs.
14. Cases – discussion. Clinical case discussion in the form of a presentation containing the entire history of the disease: radiographs, echograms, examination protocols, videos with documented and visualized lameness before, during and after treatment.