Functional biology of plants 2600-BFRBIOL-1-S1

The subject is carried out in the form of lectures and laboratory exercises
Lecture program.
1. Object and main departments of botany. The role of plants and the importance of botany. Basic information about the methods of classification of utility plants.
2. Chemical components of cells.
3. Unity and diversity of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, degrees of organization.
4. Building a plant cell. Characteristics of the components of the plant cell. Cellular cycle.
5. The basics of histogenesis and tissue differentiation. Formation of the body
6. Functional tissue systems: creative, covering, photosynthesizing, airing, absorbent, conductive, granary, secretory, mechanical, motor.
7. Vegetative and generative organs of seed plants. Morphology and anatomy of root and shoot (stems, leaves, flowers, fruit).
8. Reproduction, classification and characteristics of plant reproduction methods.
Exercise program.
1. Health and Safety in the practice room. Introduction to classes: discussion of the exercise program and the conditions of completion. Introduction to the apparatus used during exercise: operation of a light and stereoscopic microscope.
2. Plant cell. Protoplast (cellular organella, plasmalemma properties, cytoplasm properties). Cell wall (middle plaque construction, primary and secondary wall, wall growth, wall modifications, methods of detection of additives and inlaying cell walls). Ergastic substances (primary and secondary metabolic products). Spare materials. Preparation of fresh preparations.
3. Functional tissue systems.
4. Anatomical structure of organs (permanent preparations)
- primary and secondary root construction
- primary and secondary construction of the stem
- leaf construction
5. Anatomical construction of generative organs
6. Morphological construction of axial plants:
- differences in the construction of seedlings
- construction of stems - types of shoot branching, types of stems, types of buds, transformations,
- root construction – zone root construction, root systems, side and newcomer roots, transformations,
- leaf construction – leaf buds, types of leaves in ontogenesis, leaf modifications
- the construction of flowers (elements of flowers, symmetries of flowers), types of inflorescences, construction of fruit and types)

Term 2026/27Z:

None

Total student workload

Hours with the participation of teachers (45 hours) – 1.8 ECTS: - participation in the lecture - 15 h - participation in the laboratory - 30 h Total: 100 hours (4 ECTS)

Learning outcomes - knowledge

W1: the student has general knowledge of the structural-functional organization and functioning of plants, at different levels of their construction (cells, tissues, organs) - K_W02, K_W07, K_W14 W2: explains the relationship between the structure and the function of individual tissues and organs - K_W01, K_W02, K_W03 W3: is aware of scientific progress and understands the possibilities of using scientific knowledge in practice - K_W12 W4: knows and can characterize the basic taxonomic units of utility plants - K_W14 W5: knows botanical terminology - K_W14, K_W21 W6: interprets and compares microscopic images depicting the anatomical structure of individual cells, tissues and organs - K_W23 W7: knows the rules for documenting observations made - K_W20

Learning outcomes - skills

U1: the student can operate a light and stereoscopic microscope and apply basic techniques for overcooking fresh microscopic preparations - K_U05, K_U10 U2: student performs microscopic analyses - K_U10, K_U15 U3: can identify elements of the plant cell, tissues and plant organs in microscopic preparations, can interpret and document microscopic images - K_U13, K_U21 U4: acquires the skills to study scientific literature, information selection and discussion - K_U09, K_U14, K_U15, K_U18

Learning outcomes - social competencies

K1: can critically assess their own knowledge and results of work- K_K05 K2: Recognises the need to deepen knowledge - K_K01 K3: is responsible for the entrusted equipment and safety of his own and others' work, he can act in a health emergency - K_K09, K_U08 K4: can effectively work according to the guide's instructions and organize his workshop accordingly - K_K09 K5: can work in a group while performing practical exercises and interpret the observations made by drawing appropriate conclusions - K_K10

Course coordinators

Krzysztof Jaworski

Teaching methods

Teaching methods seeking: - laboratory exercises are experimental (students carry out tasks individually). Classes are conducted in a group of 8-12 people, because this is required by the methodology of experience: access to laboratory equipment and equipment, as well as work with fresh research material and microscopic preparations. Laboratory exercises are carried out in rooms with a limited number of positions, the tasks carried out require precision, are performed on specialized equipment. Performing observations and analyses based on written instructions.

Observation/demonstration teaching methods

- display

Expository teaching methods

- problem-based lecture
- informative (conventional) lecture

Exploratory teaching methods

- observation
- laboratory
- practical

Type of course

compulsory course

Assessment criteria

Exercises: Evaluating continuous knowledge, skills and competences achieved. The condition for passing the exercises is mastery by
student of the material processed in the exercises and positive credit of the work performed, reports on individual exercises and
all colloquia and entrances during the semester (K_W 01, 02, 03, 07, 12, 14, 20, 21, 23;
K_U 05, 09, 10, 13, 14, 15, 18, 21;
K_K 01, 05, 08, 09, 10)
Assessment criteria
credit of lectures: written credit, required threshold for sufficient grade - 65 -73%, sufficient plus - 74 - 76%, good - 77-84%, good plus 85-94%, very good - 95-100% .
crediting laboratory exercises: continuous assessment (current preparation of students for classes (80%), documentation of exercises performed
(20%); the required threshold for a sufficient grade - 60 -73%, sufficient plus - 74 - 76%, good - 77-84%, good plus 85-94%, very good -
95-100%.

Practical placement

does not apply

Bibliography

W. Braune – Praktikum z anatomii roślin
Z. Hejnowicz – Anatomia i histogeneza roślin naczyniowych
L. Rutkowski – Klucz do oznaczania roślin naczyniowych Polski niżowej
E. Kruczyńska, D. Borowska-Wykręt- Mikroskopia świetlna w badaniach komórki roślinnej
B. Broda – Zarys botaniki farmaceutycznej

Literature available in the Library of the NCU

Additional information

Additional information (registration calendar, class conductors, localization and schedules of classes), might be available in the USOSweb system:

Description of 2600-BFRBIOL-1-S1 in USOSweb