Programme-Specific Course. Magnetic Resonance Imaging
1800-E3-Rm-n1/Mb
Lectures
1. Physical basics of magnetic resonance imaging: properties of the magnetic field, Larmor precession, chemical shift, magnetization in a constant and variable magnetic field, longitudinal and transverse relaxation, relaxation times, free induction signal, echo signal, gradients.
2. Technical basics of magnetic resonance imaging: magnet, transmitting and receiving coils, sector coils, dedicated coils, MR computer system. k-space and k-space sampling.
3. Image formation in MR examination: spin echo sequences, T1, T2 and PD dependent images, SE, TSE sequences, inversion sequences, fat-saturation sequences, gradients, echo-planar imaging, MR angiography.
4. Structure of magnetic resonance imaging: system components, system operation before starting the examination, system maintenance, procedure in case of error messages, emergency procedures, system calibration, image export.
5. Organization of the MR laboratory. Safety of patients and staff during MR examination. Contraindications to MR examination. Quality control of examinations.
6. Coils: types of coils and their application. Acquisition gating. Methods of shortening acquisition time and their application.
7. Properties, special features and application of MR systems with a field of 0.3-3 T. Open and closed systems.
8. Basics of examination planning. System parameters controlled by the technician. Basic image parameters: MR sequences and their application, images in phase and antiphase, field of view, matrix, voxel, image noise, artifacts, TR, TE, TI.
9. Informatics in the MR laboratory: organization of RIS, HIS and PACS systems, DICOM format, workstation software, review of practical solutions in the field of software.
10. Examination using MR contrast agent. Dynamic and functional examination.
Exercises
1. Magnetic resonance tomography in brain diagnostics.
2. Magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of the spinal cord and peripheral nervous system.
3. Magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of the musculoskeletal system.
4. Magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of the heart and large vessels.
5. Magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of the abdominal cavity.
6. Magnetic resonance tomography in pediatrics.
7. MR angiography. MR perfusion and diffusion.
8. NMR spectroscopy (MRS) in medicine: physical foundations and application, proton and phosphorus spectroscopy, equipment requirements, examination technique, assessment of spectra quality, diagnostic foundations, methods of presenting results.
9. Functional studies of the nervous system.
10. Directions of development of MR diagnostics.
Total student workload
The workload associated with classes requiring direct participation of academic teachers is:
- participation in lectures: 20 hours
- participation in exercises: 45 hours
- conducting a practical and theoretical exam: 2 hours
The workload associated with classes requiring direct participation of academic teachers is 67 hours, which corresponds to 2 ECTS points
Student workload balance:
- participation in lectures: 20 hours
- participation in exercises: 45 hours
- preparation for exercises: 20 hours
- reading the indicated literature: 15 hours
- preparation for crediting on the credit: 25 hours
The total student workload is 125 hours, which corresponds to 5 ECTS points
Learning outcomes - knowledge
K_W01 recognizes the structures of cells, tissues, organs and systems of the human body
K_W02 recognizes the physiological processes of the human body and the mechanisms of the pathophysiology of diseases
K_W03 characterizes the physical issues of electroradiology, in particular the physics of ionizing radiation, acoustics and electroacoustics, electricity and the flow of electric current
K_W04 describes the issues of radiobiology and the physical, biological and pathophysiological foundations of radiotherapy
K_W05 lists and describes the knowledge of computer science, mathematical and statistical data analysis necessary in electroradiology
K_W07 understands the social determinants of health and disease
K_W08 Defines the ethical and legal determinants of the profession of an electroradiologist
K_W09 has general knowledge necessary to understand the social, economic and legal determinants of activities related to medical procedures
K_W10 principles of epidemiology, prevention, health promotion and health education
K_W11 has detailed knowledge regarding the organization of X-ray diagnostics and imaging diagnostics laboratories, the principles of maintaining documentation in the facility X-ray diagnostics, rights, duties and responsibilities of technicians in an X-ray diagnostics facility
K_W12 has detailed knowledge of the construction and principles of operation of X-ray diagnostic equipment and imaging diagnostics, i.e. elements and other devices used in X-ray equipment, angiographs, ultrasound machines, computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging machines, densitometric equipment
K_W13 has detailed knowledge of the principles of performing X-ray diagnostic examinations: skeleton, chest, abdominal cavity, contrast examinations: gastrointestinal tract, bile ducts, urinary system and others, vascular examinations, mammography and others, principles of performing computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging examinations, conventional and Doppler ultrasonography examinations
K_W14 has detailed knowledge of the specifics of imaging examinations in pediatrics and dentistry
K_W15 has detailed knowledge of radiological anatomy, characteristics of normal and pathological images, patient positioning techniques
K_W16 has detailed knowledge regarding clinical applications and technical basics of interventional radiology
K_W17 has detailed knowledge regarding the organization of work in a radiotherapy team, the rights, duties and responsibilities of team members, including electroradiologists
K_W18 defines oncology issues, understands the place of oncology in modern medicine; within the scope of his/her competences, understands the symptomatology of neoplastic diseases, defines the principles of neoplasm registration
K_W19 has detailed knowledge regarding the equipment used in teleradiotherapy and brachytherapy, the construction and applications of cobalt devices, X-ray tube, simulator, accelerator and cyclotron, brachytherapy devices
K_W20 within the scope of his/her profession, understands the role of planning ionizing radiation treatment in teleradiotherapy and brachytherapy, international recommendations regarding irradiated areas and tolerance doses, the concept of critical organs, isodose distribution and volumetric histograms; understands the role of evaluating the radiation treatment plan
K_W21 defines in detail the principles of patient care in a radiotherapy facility and the importance of appropriate treatment documentation; has knowledge and understands the possibility of complications following radiotherapy and radiation reactions
K_W22 has detailed knowledge regarding the organization of the radioisotope laboratory, nuclear medicine facility and radioisotope treatment department, principles of documentation; defines the role and understands the essence of the rights, duties and responsibilities of an electroradiologist in the team of a nuclear medicine department
K_W23 has detailed knowledge and understands the construction and principles of operation of equipment in nuclear medicine: single- and multi-channel counters, well counters, dose calibrators, scintillation probes, gamma cameras, PET scanner, hybrid equipment: SPECT/CT, PET/CT, PET/MRI
K_W24 has detailed knowledge and understands the principles of single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET)
K_W25 has detailed knowledge and understands the principles of in vitro radioisotope studies (RIA, IRMA) and non-reproducing studies
K_W26 has detailed knowledge and understands the principles of static and dynamic scintigraphy, gating studies
K_W27 has detailed knowledge and understands the principles of radiopharmacology, radiopharmaceuticals - types, labeling techniques and quality control
K_W28 within the scope of the profession performed lists and describes the principles of radioisotope imaging methods of organs: the endocrine system, the circulatory system, the digestive system, the musculoskeletal system, the CNS, the urinary system and others; imaging of neoplastic lesions; molecular imaging; radiopeptides; indications and contraindications and indications, interpretation of tests
K_W29 has detailed knowledge of the principles of isotope therapy: therapy of hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer, therapy of cancer metastases to the skeleton, radioisotope synoviorthesis, radioimmunotherapy, receptor therapy, indications, treatment results, complications
K_W30 has detailed knowledge of recommendations for patients and staff in radioisotope diagnostics and therapy
K_W31 has detailed knowledge of the interaction of ionizing radiation with inanimate matter and biological medium: understands the physical phenomena occurring during the interaction of ionizing radiation, has knowledge of the genetic and molecular bases of carcinogenesis, physical and biological bases of radiotherapy, elements of radiobiology, biological effects of ionizing radiation on a living organism; understands the phenomenon of relative biological effectiveness of different types of ionizing radiation
K_W32 defines laboratory methods used in the assessment of biological effectiveness
K_W33 has detailed knowledge of the values and units used in radiological protection, ionizing radiation doses
K_W34 has detailed knowledge of the organization of radiological protection in Poland, principles of radiological protection, dose limits
K_W35 has detailed knowledge of the radiological protection of the patient, reference levels, personnel responsibility, conditions for the safe use of ionizing radiation for medical purposes and methods of limiting the patient's exposure to this radiation
K_W36 defines national and European Union regulations in the field of radiological protection
K_W37 has detailed knowledge of the basic types of detectors, the construction and operation of ionization chambers, thermoluminescent and semiconductor detectors, types and construction of dosimeters
K_W38 lists and describes the principles of dose measurement based on national and international recommendations (ICRU)
K_W39 has detailed knowledge of the technical and biophysical basics electrocardiography, electroencephalography, electromyography, audiology, functional methods of respiratory system examination and their clinical applications
K_W40 defines the principles of analysis and interpretation of electrographic signal, artifacts and methods of their elimination in electrographic examinations, principles of operation of Holter equipment
K_W41 lists and describes technical and biophysical and techniques of performing EEG and EMG examinations
K_W42 lists and describes technical, biophysical and physiological audiological examinations
K_W43 lists and describes technical and physiological performance of functional respiratory system diagnostics (spirometry, spirography, capnography, plethysmography)
K_W44 has detailed knowledge of basic legal acts, national and international standards and recommendations in the field of quality assurance in electroradiology
K_W45 has knowledge of quality management systems, principles of clinical audits in X-ray diagnostics, radiotherapy and nuclear medicine, quality control tests in X-ray diagnostics, mammography, computed tomography, radiotherapy and nuclear medicine, principles of measurement and error analysis in electroradiology
K_W46 within the scope of his/her competences has detailed knowledge concerning the recognition of anatomical structures in various imaging examinations: X-rays, computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance images and in ultrasound examinations
K_W07 understands the social determinants of health and disease
K_W08 Defines the ethical and legal determinants of the profession of electroradiologist
K_W09 has general knowledge necessary to understand the social, economic and legal determinants of activities concerning medical procedures
K_W10 principles of epidemiology, prevention, health promotion and health education
K_W11 has detailed knowledge concerning the organization of X-ray diagnostics and imaging diagnostics laboratories, principles of maintaining documentation in an X-ray diagnostics facility, rights, duties and responsibilities of technicians in an X-ray diagnostics facility
K_W12 has detailed knowledge concerning the construction and principles of operation of X-ray diagnostics and imaging diagnostics equipment, i.e. elements and other devices used in X-ray equipment, angiographs, ultrasound machines, computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, densitometric equipment
K_W13 has detailed knowledge of the principles of performing X-ray diagnostic examinations: bones, chest, abdominal cavity, contrast examinations: gastrointestinal tract, biliary tract, urinary system and others, vascular examinations, mammography and others, principles of performing computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, conventional and Doppler ultrasonography
K_W14 has detailed knowledge of the speimaging studies in pediatrics and dentistry
K_W15 has detailed knowledge of radiological anatomy, characteristics of normal and pathological images, patient positioning techniques
K_W16 has detailed knowledge of clinical applications and technical basics of interventional radiology
K_W17 has detailed knowledge of the organization of work in a radiotherapy team, rights, duties and responsibilities of team members, including electroradiologists
K_W18 defines issues in oncology, understands the place of oncology in modern medicine; within the scope of his/her competences, understands the symptomatology of neoplastic diseases, defines the principles of neoplastic registration
K_W19 has detailed knowledge of the equipment used in teleradiotherapy and brachytherapy, the construction and applications of cobalt devices, X-ray tube, simulator, accelerator and cyclotron, brachytherapy devices
K_W20 within the scope of his/her profession, understands the role of planning ionizing radiation treatment in teleradiotherapy and brachytherapy, international recommendations regarding irradiated areas and tolerance doses, the concept of critical organs, isodose distribution and volumetric histograms; understands the role of assessing the radiation treatment plan
K_W21 defines in detail the principles of patient care in a radiotherapy facility and the importance of appropriate treatment documentation; has knowledge and understands the possibility of complications after radiotherapy and radiation reactions
K_W22 has detailed knowledge of the organization of a radioisotope laboratory, nuclear medicine facility and radioisotope treatment department, principles of documentation; defines the role and understands the essence of the rights, duties and responsibilities of an electroradiologist in the team of a nuclear medicine department
K_W23 has detailed knowledge and understands the construction and principles of operation of equipment in nuclear medicine: single- and multi-channel counters, well counters, dose calibrators, scintillation probes, gamma cameras, PET scanner, hybrid equipment: SPECT/CT, PET/CT, PET/MRI
K_W24 has detailed knowledge and understands the principles of single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET)
K_W25 has detailed knowledge and understands the principles of in vitro radioisotope studies (RIA, IRMA) and non-reproducing studies
K_W26 has detailed knowledge and understands the principles of static and dynamic scintigraphy, gating studies
K_W27 has detailed knowledge and understands the principles of radiopharmacology, radiopharmaceuticals - types, labeling techniques and quality control
K_W28 within the scope of the profession performed lists and describes the principles of radioisotope imaging methods of organs: the endocrine system, the circulatory system, the digestive system, the musculoskeletal system, the CNS, the urinary system and others; imaging of neoplastic lesions; molecular imaging; radiopeptides; indications and contraindications, interpretation of tests
K_W29 has detailed knowledge of the principles of isotope therapy: therapy of hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer, therapy of metastases to the skeleton, radioisotope synoviorthesis, radioimmunotherapy, receptor therapy, indications, treatment results, complications
K_W30 has detailed knowledge of recommendations for patients and staff in radioisotope diagnostics and therapy
K_W31 has detailed knowledge of the interaction of ionizing radiation with inanimate matter and biological medium: understands the physical phenomena occurring during the interaction of ionizing radiation, has knowledge of the genetic and molecular bases of carcinogenesis, physical and biological bases of radiotherapy, elements of radiobiology, biological effects of ionizing radiation on a living organism; understands the phenomenon of relative biological effectiveness of different types of ionizing radiation
K_W32 defines laboratory methods used in the assessment of biological effectiveness
K_W33 has detailed knowledge of the quantities and units used in radiological protection, ionizing radiation doses
K_W34 has detailed knowledge of the organization of radiological protection in Poland, principles of radiological protection, dose limits
K_W35 has detailed knowledge of the radiological protection of the patient, reference levels, personnel responsibility, conditions for the safe use of ionizing radiation for medical purposes and methods of limiting patient exposure to this radiation
K_W36 defines national and European Union regulations in the field of radiological protection
K_W37 has detailed knowledge of the basic types of detectors, the construction and operation of ionization chambers, thermoluminescent and semiconductor detectors, types and construction of dosimeters
K_W38 lists and describes the principles of dose measurement based on national and international recommendations (ICRU)
K_W39 has detailed knowledge
Learning outcomes - skills
K_U01 interprets the indications for radiographic examination described in the medical referral
K_U02 explains to the patient the course of the upcoming diagnostic examination and the rules of conduct after the examination, resulting from the principles of radiological protection of the environment
K_U03 communicates effectively with colleagues and other healthcare workers
K_U04 plans and performs diagnostic and therapeutic procedures using ionizing, non-ionizing radiation and ultrasound in accordance with medical indications
K_U05 defines the diagnostic problem and adapts the diagnostic procedure to the individual patient's problem
K_U06 operates radiological equipment intended for conventional and tomographic radiography, fluoroscopic and vascular procedures, dental examinations, mammography and galactography, X-ray densitometry, computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound examinations
K_U07 operates radiotherapy equipment: performing immobilizations, treatment simulations, assessment of the treatment plan and irradiation of patients, with the understanding of: noticing acute radiation reactions, the relationship between acute and late radiation reactions and the quality of treatment, the concept of critical organs and volume histograms, clinical teleradiotherapy, principles of clinical brachytherapy
K_U08 operates nuclear medicine equipment: organ scintigraphy, whole-body scintigraphy, tomographic examinations: SPECT and PET, examinations of hybrid SPECT/CT and PET/CT equipment, iodine uptake tests; has knowledge of the basics of radiopharmacology and the principles of performing radioisotope therapy
K_U09 operates electromedical equipment: electrocardiography, electroencephalography, electromyography, devices for functional diagnostics of the respiratory system, audiology, hemodialysis equipment
K_U10 skillfully evaluates and interprets tests within the competence of the technical staff of electroradiology
K_U11 anticipates possible errors in the performance of the test, its artifacts and variants and prevents them
K_U12 defines the principles of quality control of electromedical equipment, defines the principles of organizing diagnostic laboratories and maintaining their documentation
K_U13 defines the principles of dosimetry and radiological protection: dose measurement, control of therapeutic equipment parameters
K_U14 has the ability to develop and record the results of tests and procedures and to prepare documentation of tests and procedures in the field of radiology and imaging diagnostics and electromedical
K_U15 has the ability to obtain information from literature, databases and other sources, integrate this information, interpret and draw conclusions and formulate opinions
K_U16 has the ability to communicate English (or another foreign language), in accordance with the requirements specified for level B2 of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
K_U17 is able to communicate with a patient
K_U18 is able to work in a team
K_U19 has computer skills in text editing, statistical analysis, data collection and retrieval, and presentation preparation
K_U20 is able to present selected medical problems related to the profession performed in oral and written form, adequately to the level of the recipients
K_U21 is able to properly manage his/her own time and that of his/her colleagues
K_U22 is able to undertake activities within the scope of qualified first aid
K_U23 interprets epidemiological and biostatistical data
K_U24 Plans and undertakes scientific activities related to medical procedures in the field of electroradiology, including teaching activities
K_U25 cooperates with an interdisciplinary team of specialists in order to ensure continuity of patient care
K_U26 identifies errors and omissions in practice
Learning outcomes - social competencies
K_U01 interprets the indications for radiographic examination described in the medical referral
K_U02 explains to the patient the course of the upcoming diagnostic examination and the rules of conduct after the examination, resulting from the principles of radiological protection of the environment
K_U03 communicates effectively with colleagues and other healthcare workers
K_U04 plans and performs diagnostic and therapeutic procedures using ionizing, non-ionizing radiation and ultrasound in accordance with medical indications
K_U05 defines the diagnostic problem and adapts the diagnostic procedure to the individual patient's problem
K_U06 operates radiological equipment intended for conventional and tomographic radiography, fluoroscopic and vascular procedures, dental examinations, mammography and galactography, X-ray densitometry, computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound examinations
K_U07 operates radiotherapy equipment: performing immobilizations, treatment simulations, assessment of the treatment plan and irradiation of patients, with the understanding of: noticing acute radiation reactions, the relationship between acute and late radiation reactions and the quality of treatment, the concept of critical organs and volume histograms, clinical teleradiotherapy, principles of clinical brachytherapy
K_U08 operates nuclear medicine equipment: organ scintigraphy, whole-body scintigraphy, tomographic examinations: SPECT and PET, examinations of hybrid SPECT/CT and PET/CT equipment, iodine uptake tests; has knowledge of the basics of radiopharmacology and the principles of performing radioisotope therapy
K_U09 operates electromedical equipment: electrocardiography, electroencephalography, electromyography, devices for functional diagnostics of the respiratory system, audiology, hemodialysis equipment
K_U10 skillfully evaluates and interprets tests within the competence of the technical staff of electroradiology
K_U11 anticipates possible errors in the performance of the test, its artifacts and variants and prevents them
K_U12 defines the principles of quality control of electromedical equipment, defines the principles of organizing diagnostic laboratories and maintaining their documentation
K_U13 defines the principles of dosimetry and radiological protection: dose measurement, control of therapeutic equipment parameters
K_U14 has the ability to develop and record the results of tests and procedures and to prepare documentation of tests and procedures in the field of radiology and imaging diagnostics and electromedical
K_U15 has the ability to obtain information from literature, databases and other sources, integrate this information, interpret and draw conclusions and formulate opinions
K_U16 has the ability to communicate English (or another foreign language), in accordance with the requirements specified for level B2 of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
K_U17 is able to communicate with a patient
K_U18 is able to work in a team
K_U19 has computer skills in text editing, statistical analysis, data collection and retrieval, and presentation preparation
K_U20 is able to present selected medical problems related to the profession performed in oral and written form, adequately to the level of the recipients
K_U21 is able to properly manage his/her own time and that of his/her colleagues
K_U22 is able to undertake activities within the scope of qualified first aid
K_U23 interprets epidemiological and biostatistical data
K_U24 Plans and undertakes scientific activities related to medical procedures in the field of electroradiology, including teaching activities
K_U25 cooperates with an interdisciplinary team of specialists in order to ensure continuity of patient care
K_U26 identifies errors and omissions in practice
Teaching methods
Methods of introduction: lecture,
Activating methods: case method, seminar, short tests
Exposing methods: multimedia presentation
Practical methods: presentation, exercises at computer stations.
Lectures:
• informative lecture
• problem-based lecture
Exercises
• practical classes
Observation/demonstration teaching methods
- display
Exploratory teaching methods
- seminar
Type of course
compulsory course
Prerequisites
Students have knowledge of normal anatomy and medical equipment.
Course coordinators
Assessment criteria
Attendance at classes is mandatory.
Classes end with a credit. The condition for passing the subject is attendance at classes and active participation in exercises, as well as obtaining a positive grade from the colloquium that passes.
Conditions for making up classes missed for justified reasons or classes not counted for other reasons: the student has the opportunity to make up exercises with another group or by passing the material with the assistant conducting the classes
Practical placement
The internships are covered by a separate module
Additional information
Additional information (registration calendar, class conductors,
localization and schedules of classes), might be available in the USOSweb system: