Internal Diseases
1655-Lek6CHWN-J
Classes are conducted in the form of exercises.
During the exercises conducted at the patient's bedside, students perfect the history-taking and physical examination skills, as well as the symptomatology of diseases, acquired in previous years, through daily participation in the medical report and medical visit, during which they analyze the fluid balance, body temperature, measure blood pressure, conduct subjective and objective examination. Based on clinical data and the results of additional tests (laboratory, radiological, electrocardiographic, endoscopic), students carry out differential diagnosis. They participate in medical consultations and accompany the assistant during outpatient consultations (at specialist clinics). Together with the assistant, they discuss decisions regarding the applied pharmacotherapy. They familiarize themselves with the proper keeping of medical records (under the supervision of an assistant, they conduct daily observations of patients in the medical history, enter the results, prepare the patient's discharge from the ward, participate in obtaining the patient's consent to the proposed tests and treatments).
During exercises on medical simulators (12 hours), students independently carry out the above-mentioned procedures and other procedures related to the violation of tank continuity (listed in Learning outcomes - skills - EK_U29 and EK_U30). They will learn about acute life-threatening conditions in internal diseases.
During the exercises, students present the assigned medical case, according to the scheme:
• medical history, abnormalities in physical examination,
• preliminary diagnosis,
• significant deviations in additional tests,
• differential diagnosis,
• final diagnosis,
• a short summary of a given disease entity, taking into account the latest treatment methods based on the principles of EBM and applicable standards of conduct.
A discussion is conducted under the guidance of an assistant.
Topics of conducted exercises:
• Correct assessment of the patient's general condition.
• Subjective and objective examination in internal diseases.
• Making an initial diagnosis.
• Planning and carrying out differential diagnosis with the ability to determine the desirability of ordered tests and consultations.
• Making a final diagnosis.
• Treatment planning and its modifications depending on the stage of the disease, progress of therapy and comorbidities.
• The ability to prognosis and predict the progression of the disease, its consequences, prevention of consequences and side effects after
treatment.
• Basic medical documentation - medical history, order card, fever card and other documentation used in
proper management of patients.
• Presentation of a clinical problem concerning the patient during a medical visit, medical report, during consultations.
• Providing first aid in life-threatening situations.
• Treatment of acute life-threatening conditions.
•Providing health services within the outpatient clinic.
• Technique of basic diagnostic procedures used in the diagnosis and treatment of internal diseases.
The topics of the exercises include the following topics:
- Correct assessment of the general condition of the patient.
- Subjective and objective examination in internal diseases.
-Making preliminary diagnosis.
-Planning and carrying out differential diagnostics with the ability to determine the desirability of ordered tests and consultations.
- Making a final diagnosis.
-Planning treatment and its modifications depending on the stage of the disease, progress of therapy and comorbidities.
- Ability to prognosis and predict the progression of the disease, its consequences, prevention of consequences and side effects after treatment.
-Basic medical documentation - medical history, order card, fever card and other documentation used in the proper management of patients.
-Presentation of a clinical problem concerning the patient during a medical visit, medical report, during consultations.
-Providing first aid in life-threatening situations.
-Treatment of acute life-threatening conditions.
-Providing health services as part of the outpatient clinic.
- Technique of basic diagnostic procedures used in the diagnosis and treatment of internal diseases.
Total student workload
1. Hours carried out with the participation of teachers:
- exercises - 240 hours, including 12 hours in the Medical Simulation Center
- consultation 1 hour
- exam 1 hour
The workload related to classes requiring the direct participation of academic teachers is 242 hours, which corresponds to 9.7 ECTS credits
2. Student's workload balance:
- preparation for exercises: 40 hours
- reading the indicated literature: 120 hours
- exam: 1 hour
The total student workload is 161 hours, which corresponds to 6.4 ECTS credits
3. Workload related to the conducted research
- not applicable
4. Time required to prepare and participate in the assessment process:
- reading the indicated literature + passing: 120 + 1 = 121 hours (4.8 ECTS points)
5. Balance of the student's workload of a practical nature:
- participation in exercises: 240 hours
The total student workload of a practical nature is 240 hours, which corresponds to 9.6 ECTS points
6. Balance of the student's workload devoted to acquiring social competences in the field of exercises.
Self-education:
-preparation for exercises: 40 hours,
The total student workload devoted to acquiring social competences is 40 hours, which corresponds to 1.6 ECTS points
7. Time required for compulsory practice:
not applicable
Learning outcomes - knowledge
The student:
W1. Summarizes the genetic, environmental and epidemiological determinants of the most common internal diseases (EK_W01)
W2. Explains the causes and symptoms of the most common internal diseases and their complications, outlines the principles of diagnosis and plans therapeutic procedures (EK_W09):
a) cardiovascular diseases, including: ischemic heart disease, heart defects, endocardial diseases, heart muscle diseases, pericardial diseases, heart failure (acute and chronic), arterial and venous diseases, arterial hypertension: primary and secondary, pulmonary hypertension,
b) diseases of the respiratory system, including: respiratory diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, respiratory system infections, interstitial lung diseases, pleura, mediastinum, obstructive and central sleep apnea, respiratory failure (acute and chronic ), respiratory system cancers;
c) diseases of the digestive system, including: diseases of the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach and duodenum, intestines, pancreas, liver, bile ducts and gallbladder,
d) diseases of the endocrine system, including: diseases of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal cortex and medulla, ovarian and testicular diseases, neuroendocrine tumors, polyglandular syndromes, various types of diabetes and metabolic syndrome: hypoglycaemia, obesity, dyslipidemia,
e) diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract, including: acute and chronic kidney failure, diseases of the glomeruli and interstitial kidneys, kidney cysts, kidney stones, urinary tract infections, urinary tract cancers, in particular bladder cancer and kidney cancer,
f) diseases of the hematopoietic system, including: bone marrow aplasia, anaemia, granulocytopenia and agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, acute leukaemia, myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic-myeloproliferative neoplasms, myelodysplastic syndromes, neoplasms from mature B and T lymphocytes, bleeding disorders, thrombophilia, life-threatening conditions in hematology, blood disorders in diseases of other organs;
g) rheumatic diseases, including: systemic connective tissue diseases, systemic vasculitis, arthritis with involvement of the spine, metabolic bone diseases, in particular osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, gout
h) allergic diseases, including: anaphylaxis and anaphylactic shock, angioedema,
i) water-electrolyte and acid-base disorders: dehydration, overhydration, electrolyte disturbances, acidosis and alkalosis; (EK_W07)
W3. Justifies the differences in the clinical course of the most common diseases in the elderly and the rules of conduct in basic geriatric syndromes (E K_W09)
Learning outcomes - skills
The student:
U1. conducts a medical interview with an adult patient (EK_U01);
U2. performs a complete and targeted physical examination of an adult patient (EK_U03);
U3. assesses the general condition, state of consciousness and consciousness of the patient (EK_U07)
U4. links the images of tissue and organ damage with clinical symptoms of the disease, medical history and results of laboratory tests (CK_U11);
U5. plans diagnostic, therapeutic and prophylactic procedures (EK_U16);
U6. qualifies the patient for home and hospital treatment (EK_U20)
U7. is able to perform basic procedures and medical treatments, including (EK_U29):
a) body temperature measurement, pulse measurement, non-invasive blood pressure measurement,
b) monitoring of vital signs using a cardiomonitor, pulse oximetry,
c) oxygen treatment
d) insertion of the oropharyngeal tube,
e) intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous injections, peripheral venous cannulation, peripheral venous blood collection, blood culture collection, arterial blood collection, arterialized capillary blood collection,
f) taking swabs from the nose, throat and skin, puncture of the pleural cavity,
g) bladder catheterization in women and men, gastric probing, gastric lavage, enema,
h) standard resting electrocardiogram with interpretation, electrical cardioversion and cardiac defibrillation,
(i) simple strip tests and blood glucose measurement;
U8. assists in the following procedures and medical procedures (EK_U30):
a) transfusion of blood and blood products,
b) drainage of the pleural cavity,
c) pericardial puncture,
d) puncture of the peritoneal cavity,
e) lumbar puncture,
f) fine needle biopsy,
g) skin tests,
h) intradermal and scarification tests, and interprets their results;
U9. plans specialist consultations (EK_U32)
U10. recognizes the patient's agony and declares his death (EK_U37);
U11. is able to keep the patient's medical records (EK_U38)
Learning outcomes - social competencies
The student:
K1. Demonstrates the ability to work in a team and demonstrates the ability to solve problems in order to complete tasks during bedside exercises (K_K02)
K2. shows respect for the patient and care for his well-being (K_K03)
K3. Demonstrates the habit of self-education (K_K01)
K4. respects ethical principles and patient rights in their activities (K_K04)
K5. is able to inform the patient about the purpose, course and possible risk of proposed diagnostic or therapeutic activities and obtain his informed consent (K_K06)
Teaching methods
Exercises at the patient's bedside.
Case review.
Simulated case.
Expository teaching methods
- discussion
- narration
- description
Exploratory teaching methods
- observation
- case study
- experimental
- practical
Type of course
compulsory course
Prerequisites
The student should have knowledge of human anatomy and physiology, pathophysiology and pathology in relation to diseases of internal organs,. The student should have knowledge of internal diseases propaedeutics as well as specific internal medicine specialties - cardiology, nephrology, diabetology and endocrinology, allergology, hematology, gastrology, pulmonology , rheumatology and pharmacology.
Course coordinators
Assessment criteria
Completion of the block of exercises takes place on the basis of a graded credit (oral exam).
% of points obtained - grade
92 - 100 (5.0) - very good
88 - <92 (4.5) - over good
80 - <88 (4.0) - good
71 - <80 (3.5) - quite good
60 - <71 (3.0) - satisfactory
0 - < 60 (2.0) - unsatisfactory (failed)
Extended follow-up (0-10; >50%): U1-U11; K1-K5
Practical placement
Bibliography
Davidson's Principles and Practice of Medicine - 24th Edition.
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Term 2022/23:
Davidson's Principles and Practice of Medicine - 24th Edition. |
Notes
Additional information
Additional information (registration calendar, class conductors,
localization and schedules of classes), might be available in the USOSweb system: