Paediatric Surgery
1655-Lek5CHIDZ-J
The topics of the classes include not only the most common surgical diseases of the developmental age, but also phenomena related to the threats posed by the development of civilization, e.g. congenital defects, civilization and inflammatory diseases, multi-organ injuries, including modern methods of their treatment, determined by advances in molecular genetics, oncology and transplantology. Teaching of the subject: "Children's Surgery" for students of the Faculty of Medicine includes seminars, exercises with assistants in subgroups and two shifts at the Pediatric Surgery Clinic during the block of Pediatric Surgery classes.
I. Seminars are designed to present the theoretical basis of issues in pediatric surgery, systematization of disease entities, their symptomatology, diagnostics and treatment, i.e. preparation for practical classes at the patient's bedside, in the operating room and in the Pediatric Surgery Clinic.
II. Classes with assistants in subgroups are devoted to a practical approach ("at the patient's bedside") to the surgical problems of patients at developmental age. During the training block, students participate in the diagnostic and therapeutic process, including collecting medical history, clinical examination, ordering necessary additional tests, conducting diagnostic differentiation, qualification for surgical treatment, surgical procedures, postoperative care, and evaluation of treatment results. Ethical issues regarding the approach to a sick child, difficult conversations with parents (including newborns with congenital defects and children with cancer) are also discussed. Exercises at the Surgical Clinic are aimed at presenting the issues of outpatient surgical care for a child and postoperative care.
III. The 1st duty at the Clinical Department of Pediatric Surgery is intended to familiarize the student with the practical reality of the emergency room in the clinical ward. It includes participation in admissions of patients in the ER (including newborns with life-threatening congenital defects) and providing emergency aid, emergency or urgent procedures, but also typical work at the Department in the afternoon and evening hours, e.g. supervision of patients in the early stages postoperative, participation in medical visits.
Total student workload
1. The workload related to classes requiring the direct participation of academic teachers is: - participation in seminars: 10 hours
- participation in exercises: 30 hours
- consultations: 0.5 hours
- completion of the test: 1.5 hours
The workload related to classes requiring the direct participation of academic teachers amounts to 32.5 hours, which corresponds to 1.5 ECTS points
2. Student's workload balance:
- participation in seminars: 10 hours
- participation in exercises: 30 hours
- consultations: 0.5 hours
- preparation for the exercises (including reading the indicated literature): 2.5 hours
- preparation for passing and passing: 2.5 hours
The total student workload is 42 hours, which corresponds to 2.1 ECTS credits
3. Workload related to the conducted research:
- reading the indicated scientific literature: 0.5 hours
- participation in lectures (taking into account the results of research and scientific studies): 0
- participation in exercises (taking into account the results of scientific studies): 5 hours
- preparation for passing (including scientific papers): 2.5 hours
- consultations including scientific studies: 0.5 hour
The total student workload related to the conducted research is 8 hours, which corresponds to 0.5 ECTS points
4. Time required to prepare and participate in the assessment process: - preparation for passing: 2.5 + 2 = 4.5 hours (0.34 ECTS points)
5. Balance of the student's workload of a practical nature: - participation in exercises: 20 hours
The total amount of student work of a practical nature is 25 hours, which corresponds to 1 ECTS point
6. Time required for compulsory practice: not applicable
Learning outcomes - knowledge
W1: (F K_W02) knows selected issues in pediatric surgery, including traumatology and otorhinolaryngology, defects and acquired diseases that are indications for surgical treatment in children;
W2: (F K_W01) knows and understands the causes, symptoms, principles of diagnosis and treatment in relation to the most common diseases requiring surgical intervention, taking into account the differences of childhood, in particular: a) acute and chronic diseases of the abdominal cavity, b) diseases of the chest, c) diseases of the limbs and head, d) bone fractures and organ injuries
W3: (F K_W03) knows the rules of qualification and performance of basic surgical procedures and invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures;
W4: (E K_W06) knows the most common life-threatening conditions in children and the rules of conduct in these situations
W5: (E K_W03) knows and understands the causes, symptoms, principles of diagnosis and treatment of the most common diseases of children
a) rickets, tetany, convulsions,
b) heart defects, myocarditis, endocarditis and pericarditis, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, heart failure, hypertension, fainting,
c) acute and chronic diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract, congenital defects of the respiratory system, tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, urticaria, anaphylactic shock, angioedema,
d) anemia, bleeding disorders, bone marrow failure, childhood cancer, including solid tumors typical of childhood,
e) acute and chronic abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, pancreatic diseases, cholestases and liver diseases, other acquired diseases and congenital defects of the gastrointestinal tract,
f) urinary tract infections, congenital defects of the urinary tract, nephrotic syndrome, nephrolithiasis, acute and chronic kidney failure, acute and chronic nephritis, kidney system diseases, urination disorders, vesicoureteral reflux disease,
g) growth disorders, diseases of the thyroid and parathyroid glands, diseases of the adrenal glands, diabetes, obesity, disorders of puberty and gonadal function,
h) cerebral palsy, encephalitis and meningitis, epilepsy,
i) the most common childhood infectious diseases,
j) genetic syndromes,
k) connective tissue diseases, rheumatic fever, juvenile arthritis, systemic lupus, dermatomyositis;
W 6: (E K_W04) knows the issues of: abused child and sexual abuse, mental retardation, behavioral disorders: psychoses, addictions, eating disorders and excretion in children
Learning outcomes - skills
U1: (F K_U06) can examine the nipples, lymph nodes, thyroid gland and abdominal cavity in terms of acute abdomen, and perform a finger examination through the anus;
U2: (F K_U01) assists with a typical surgical procedure, is able to prepare the operating field and locally anesthetize the operated area;
U3: (F K_U02) uses basic surgical tools;
U4: (F K_U03) applies to the rules of asepsis and antisepsis;
U5: (F K_U04) can dress a simple wound, put on and change a sterile surgical dressing
U6 (F K_U22) recognizes the symptoms of increasing intracranial pressure;
U7: (G K_U05) during the examination of the child is able to recognize behaviors and symptoms indicating the possibility of violence against the child
U8: (E K_U30) assists in the following procedures and medical treatments:
a) transfusion of blood and blood products,
b) drainage of the pleural cavity,
c) pericardial puncture,
d) puncture of the peritoneal cavity,
e) lumbar puncture,
f) fine needle biopsy,
g) skin tests,
h) intradermal and scarification tests, and interprets their results;
Learning outcomes - social competencies
K1 Is guided by the good of the patient, putting them in the first place (K_K04)
K2 Shows respect towards the Patient and understanding for worldview and cultural differences (K_K05)
K3 Respects medical confidentiality and all patient rights (including the right to information, to intimacy, to a conscious decision, to a dignified death (K_K06)
Teaching methods
Seminars: • informative lecture • seminar lecture • didactic discussion • case studies
Classes: • demonstration with instruction • subject exercises • simulation methods (case study)
Observation/demonstration teaching methods
- display
Expository teaching methods
- problem-based lecture
- informative (conventional) lecture
Exploratory teaching methods
- experimental
- brainstorming
- seminar
Online teaching methods
- exchange and discussion methods
- methods referring to authentic or fictitious situations
Prerequisites
Student starting education: Before starting classes in pediatric surgery, the student should have knowledge about surgical diseases occurring in adults, but also about the proper development of the child, basic pediatric diseases, but also. It is necessary to have the ability to assess the general condition of the child, collect the medical history, and perform a physical examination of the patient, taking into account the specificity of the child's age. Learning pediatric surgery will be facilitated by the knowledge obtained in classes in basic sciences, i.e. embryology, clinical genetics, histopathology, immunology, as well as in clinical classes in the departments of: paediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, oncology, and general surgery. The greatest number of surgical differences concerns the neonatal age.
Course coordinators
Assessment criteria
Theoretical tests are carried out as an exam :
• The condition for taking the theoretical credit is to obtain a practical credit.
• The exam is in the form of a multiple-choice test and contains: 23 questions in the subject "Pediatric Surgery".
•There is a requirement to pass the subjects: obtaining a score of min. 60%.
• The results are components of the assessment "Pediatric Surgery", the grade in the theoretical part is 0.7 (70%) of the grade in the subject.
Recommendation / practical exam in the subject of pediatric surgery:
Final test - 23 questions (0 - 23 points max; >=60%): W1 - W3, U6, U7 (<60%) = 2.0 (failed) (60-75%) = 3.0 (fair) (75-80%) = 3.5 (fairly good) (81-88%) = 4.0 (good) (95-88%) = 4.5 (above good) (95-100%) = 5.0 (very good)
Extended observation (0 - 10 points; > 50%): K1 - K3
Passing exercises with an assistant: > 50%): U1-U7
Activity during exercises and medical duty: K1-K3
The student will receive a credit for the subject with positive results from the attendance at classes and seminars and a positive assessment in the field of social competences, which is a prerequisite for joining the practical final written test
Practical placement
Additional information
Additional information (registration calendar, class conductors,
localization and schedules of classes), might be available in the USOSweb system: