2.5. Cardiac Surgery
1600-LekM4CSNKCH-NJ
The course "Cardiac Surgery" was designed to cover basic knowledge regarding the operative treatment of ischemic heart disease, congenital and acquired heart disease, diseases of the thoracic aorta, and other heart diseases. During a course, students are acquainted with diagnosis, treatment, and postoperative care in most prevalent clinical situations:
- extracorporeal circulation
- mechanical circulatory support
- ischemic heart disease
- acquired heart valve disease
- endocarditis
- diseases of the pericardium
- traumatic lesions of the heart and great vessels
- diseases of the thoracic aorta
- congenital heart diseases
The treatment of a cardiosurgical patient is not terminated with the discharge from the hospital. Appropriate care after the cardiac operation, provided by GPs and other specialists is very important to reach therapeutic success. Therefore, the aim of our course is to present the problems connected with cardiac surgery, rather than going into details of operative techniques. Medical University graduates will need better skills in diagnosis, qualification, and directing patients who require cardiac surgery. They should also
Term 2022/23:
The course "Cardiac Surgery" was designed to cover basic knowledge regarding the operative treatment of ischemic heart disease, congenital and acquired heart disease, diseases of the thoracic aorta, and other heart diseases. During a course, students are acquainted with diagnosis, treatment, and postoperative care in most prevalent clinical situations: - extracorporeal circulation - mechanical circulatory support - ischemic heart disease - acquired heart valve disease - endocarditis - diseases of the pericardium - traumatic lesions of the heart and great vessels - diseases of the thoracic aorta - congenital heart diseases The treatment of a cardiosurgical patient is not terminated with the discharge from the hospital. Appropriate care after the cardiac operation, provided by GPs and other specialists is very important to reach therapeutic success. Therefore, the aim of our course is to present the problems connected with cardiac surgery, rather than going into details of operative techniques. Medical University graduates will need better skills in diagnosis, qualification, and directing patients who require cardiac surgery. They should also be able to provide proper care in the early and late postoperative periods. The content of the presentations, as well as the links to the selected materials, are listed in MS Teams, Team: Cardiac Surgery.
|
Total student workload
1. Workload connected to activities demanding direct presence of the teacher:
- lectures, using a real-time internet transmission: 8 hours
- seminars, using a real-time internet transmission: 6 hours
- classes, using a real-time internet transmission and personal presence in the operating room: 16 hours
- consultations: 1 hour
- credit test: 1 hour
Workload connected to activities demanding direct presence of the teacher:
32 hours, i.e. 1.06 ECTS points
2. A balanced student's workload:
- lectures, using a real-time internet transmission: 8 hours
- seminars, using a real-time internet transmission: 6 hours
- classes, using a real-time internet transmission and personal presence in the operating room: 16 hours
- preparation before classes, including literature study: 4.5 hours
- preparation before passing a credit test and test itself: 4.5+0.5= 5 hours
Overall student's workload: 40.5 hours, i.e. 1.32 ECTS points
3. Workload connected to the own scientific activities:
- studying the proposed positions of the scientific literature: 4.5 hours
- lectures: 8 hours
- seminars: 5 hours
- classes: 10 hours
- preparation to credit test: 3 hours
- consultations: 1 hour
Overall student's workload connected to own scientific activities: 31.5 hours, i.e. 1.05 ECTS points
4. Time required to prepare to and to pass the credit test: 4.5+0.5 =5 hours, i.e. 0.2 ECTS points
5. Balance of workload, connected to study, using e-learning techniques:
- lectures: 8 hours
- seminars: 6 hours
(overall, 0.47 ECTS points)
6. Balance of student's workload to gain practical knowledge:
- classes: 16 hours
(overall, 0.53 ECTS points)
7. Obligatory internship: doesn't apply
Learning outcomes - knowledge
W1: the structure of the human body in the topographical and functional approach, including the topographical relationships between the various organs, together with the anatomical, histological and embryological nomenclature (A.W1.);
W2: the function and regulatory mechanisms of all organs and systems of the human body and the relationships between them (B.W20.);
W3: the specificity and role of verbal (conscious construction of messages) and nonverbal communication (e.g., facial expressions, gestures, management of silence and space) (D.W7);
W4: environmental and epidemiological conditions, causes, symptoms, principles of diagnosis and therapeutic management of the most common internal medicine diseases in adults and their complications:
1) cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic heart disease, heart defects, diseases of the endocardium, myocardium, pericardium, heart failure (acute and chronic),
Arterial and venous vascular diseases, arterial hypertension (primary and secondary), pulmonary hypertension;
2) respiratory diseases, including lung diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, bronchial dilatation, cystic fibrosis, respiratory infections, tuberculosis, interstitial lung diseases, pleurisy, mediastinum, obstructive and central sleep apnea, respiratory failure (acute and chronic), respiratory cancers;
3) diseases of the digestive system, including diseases of the mouth, esophagus, stomach and duodenum, intestines, pancreas, liver, biliary tract and gallbladder, tumors of the digestive system;
4) diseases of the endocrine system, including diseases of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland (E.W7.);
W5: causes, symptoms, principles of diagnosis and therapeutic management of the most common diseases requiring surgical intervention in adults:
1) acute and chronic abdominal disorders;
2) diseases of the chest;
3) diseases of the limbs, head and neck;
4) bone fractures and organ injuries;
5) neoplasms (F.W1.);
W6: basic classical and minimally invasive surgical techniques (F.W3.);
W7: principles of qualification for basic surgical and invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and most common complications (F.W4.);
W8: principles of perioperative safety, preparation of the patient for surgery, administration of general and local anesthesia and controlled sedation (F.W6.);
W9: principles of postoperative management with analgesic therapy and postoperative monitoring (F.W7.).
Learning outcomes - skills
The graduate is able to:
U1: use open-ended questions, closed-ended questions, paraphrasing, clarification, internal and final summaries, signaling, active listening (e.g., detecting and recognizing signals sent by the interviewee, verbal and nonverbal techniques), and facilitation (encouraging the interviewee to speak) as appropriate to the situation (D.U10);
U2: take a history with an adult, including an elderly person using skills related to the content, process and perception of communication, taking into account the biomedical and patient perspectives (E.U1.);
U3: perform a complete and focused physical examination of an adult tailored to a specific clinical situation, including:
1) general internal medicine,
2) neurological,
3) gynecological,
4) musculoskeletal,
5) ophthalmological,
6) otolaryngological,
7) geriatric (E.U5.).
Learning outcomes - social competencies
K1: establish and maintain deep and respectful contact with the patient and demonstrate understanding of worldviews and cultural differences;
K2: be guided by the best interests of the patient;
K3: respect medical confidentiality and patient rights;
K4: act towards the patient on the basis of ethical principles, with awareness of the social conditions and limitations of the disease;
K5: recognize and acknowledge one's own limitations, perform self-assessment of deficits and educational needs;
K6: promote health-promoting behavior;
K7: use objective sources of information;
K8: formulate conclusions from one's own measurements or observations;
K9: implement the principles of professional camaraderie and teamwork, including with representatives of other health professions, including in a multicultural environment;
K10: formulate opinions on various aspects of professional practice;
Teaching methods
Lectures:
• a lecture containing information and conversation, using e-learning tools
Seminars:
• a didactic discussion using e-learning tools
Classes:
• show of clinical scenarios
• subject classes
Observation/demonstration teaching methods
- simulation (simulation games)
- display
Expository teaching methods
- description
- narration
- informative (conventional) lecture
Exploratory teaching methods
- practical
- seminar
Online teaching methods
- exchange and discussion methods
- content-presentation-oriented methods
- methods developing reflexive thinking
Type of course
compulsory course
Prerequisites
Basic knowledge of anatomy and physiology of the circulatory system.
The ability to use pre-clinical subject knowledge to understand pathophysiological mechanisms accompanying the congenital and acquired diseases of the circulatory system.
Basic knowledge of examining patients.
Course coordinators
Assessment criteria
A written, 10 questions, single-select multiple-choice test.
All questions are taken from the seminar's presentation material, covering basic knowledge in cardiac surgery, required by a general physician.
60% accurate answers make positive credit (grade3)
Practical placement
Bibliography
1. Cardiac Surgery in the Adult
Cohn, Edmunds, McGraw-Hill Professional ISSN0071391290
2. State of the Heart
by Larry Warren Stephenson, M.D. available in the net: https://www.ctsnet.org/sections/journalsandbooks/books/soth/soth_contents
3. The content of the presentations, as well as the links to the selected materials, are listed in MS Teams, Team: Cardiac Surgery.
Term 2022/23:
1. Cardiac Surgery in the Adult Cohn, Edmunds, McGraw-Hill Professional ISSN0071391290 2. State of the Heart by Larry Warren Stephenson, M.D. available in the net: https://www.ctsnet.org/sections/journalsandbooks/books/soth/soth_contents 3. The content of the presentations, as well as the links to the selected materials, are listed in MS Teams, Team: Cardiac Surgery.
|
Additional information
Additional information (registration calendar, class conductors,
localization and schedules of classes), might be available in the USOSweb system: