(in Polish) The univers for a universal student 0800-OG-UNIVERSE

''The Celestial Sphere and the Earth with the Moon'':
A short history of observations of the bodies of the Solar System from antiquity (Hipparchus, Ptolemy) to the modern era (Brahe, Copernicus, Le Verrier) and the present. The concept of the celestial sphere, the diurnal and annual motion of objects, time in astronomical terms. Virtual planetarium (Stellarium). The Moon and the Sun as the most important objects influencing the orbital and rotational motion of the Earth in space (seasons, the phenomenon of tides, evolution of the Moon's orbit)

''The Solar System as an astrophysical system'':
The architecture of the Solar System in space and time (Copernican model, Kepler's laws). The structure of the inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) and outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune), moons and rings, surface morphology, atmosphere and magnetic fields. Dust components (Main Belt, Kuiper Belt, Oort Cloud), dwarf planets, asteroids and comets,

"The Solar System as a Mechanical System":
The laws of planetary motion and celestial mechanics from Newton to Poincaré (review of the most important discoveries, the influence of astronomy on mathematics). The stability of the Solar System over the life of a star, the three-body problem and the phenomenon of deterministic chaos. Climate on Earth as a function of orbital evolution, asteroids threatening the Earth.

"The Light of Stars and Clouds":
understanding of the formation of stellar spectra, what we deduce from spectral studies of stars and interstellar clouds, how and where stars are formed (models, observations).

,,Evolution of stars and chemical elements'':
HR diagram (temperature-luminosity), observations of stars and comparison with theoretical models, various stages of life (evolution) of stars and its spectacular ending, evolution of the chemical composition of the universe, coherent picture of evolution in various fields of science

,,Sun'':
the surface of the Sun (chemical composition, granulation, activity), the interior of the Sun (theoretical model, pulsations, neutrinos), Sun from a distance (wind, heliosphere, parent cluster).

,,Earth as a habitable planet in the Solar System'':
What makes Earth a habitable planet? Formation and evolution of the Solar System. Venus and Mars as planets on opposite edges of the habitable zone.

,,Extrasolar planetary systems'':
Techniques for detecting planets around other stars. What do extrasolar planetary systems look like? Are there planets similar to Earth?

,,Searching for extraterrestrial life'':
Origin and evolution of life on Earth. Searching for life in the Solar System and beyond. Looking for extraterrestrial civilisations.

,,Observations from radio waves to gamma -- techniques, methods of observation'':
electromagnetic spectrum, observational possibilities of studying the Universe (techniques and limitations), modern instruments used in astronomy

,,Observations from radio waves to gamma -- results'':
presentation of recent important astronomical observations allowing us to discover the "invisible" Universe

,,Observations of radio waves -- the world of astrochemistry'':
observations of particles in space, recent studies of interstellar matter

,,Galaxies in the observational aspect'':
history of galaxy discovery, types and morphological components of galaxies, spiral structure, Hubble classification, groups and clusters of galaxies, Milky Way

,,Physical processes in galaxies'':
physical components of galaxies, rotation, dark matter, star formation activity of galaxies, black holes, active galactic nuclei

,,Large-scale Universe'':
cosmological evolution of the Universe, formation and evolution of galaxies, modeling of galaxies in the expanding Universe