Cosmology 0800-KOSMO

physical cosmology:

* hot big bang model (Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker model of spacetime as a family of simplified spacetimes that satisfy the Einstein equation);

* Hubble-Lemaitre expansion (Lemaître 1927) a normalised time derivative of the scale factor and as a key observation, cosmic microwave background (McKellar 1941 + Adams 1941) as a key observation, primordial nucleosynthesis as a key observation);

* derivation of the Friedmann equations;

* the Einstein static solution as an exact solution satisfying mainstream views of the observations of the 1910s;

* the Einstein-de Sitter model as an exact solution with no initial singularity;

* derivation of scale-factor--time--redshift relations;

* geometrically meaningful derivation of the comoving arc length (areal radius), angular diameter distance, and luminosity distance;

* cosmological paradoxes;

* LambdaCDM model versus general-relativistic models and their observational foundations;

* galaxy formation