Electrochemical and electromigration methods 0600-PS-AOS-MEE

Lecture:

Electromigration techniques - lecture includes discussion on principles that governs the separation conditions in capillary electrophoresis, in its various variants; discussion on the electrophoretic techniques variants, their differences in how to perform the separation, detection methods and the presentation of their advantages, disadvantages and limitations; discussion about the applications and chips techniques.
Separation techniques in supercritical conditions - lecture include: the definition and properties of supercritical fluids, provide the benefits of supercritical mobile phase, the construction of typical SFC chromatographs, used detectors, columns used in SFC, methodology to carry out the separation with special attention paid on the possible use of pressure gradients, temperature, mobile phase composition, a discussion of typical applications and comparisons with HPLC and GC.
Separation of optically active compounds - lecture include: chirality definition, a review of the exemplary chiral separation performed by GC, HPLC, CZE, MEKC, CEC; choice and examples of chiral selectors, direct and indirect methods; derivatization.
Extraction at elevated pressure and temperature (SFE and ASE) - lecture covers: the definition of supercritical fluids, provide the benefits of supercritical fluid as a extraction medium, the aims and methods of modifiers use, SFE apparatus design and principles; restrictors and their types – differences in principle of work, manufacture methods, their advantages and disadvantages, selection of extraction conditions, applications, the principle of ASE extraction, the benefits usage liquid under high pressure and high temperature, construction of ASE apparatus and its operation, ASE process steps, limitations, advantages and disadvantages of ASE methods, exemplary applications and comparison with other extraction techniques.
Application of gas chromatography in food analysis, pharmacy, environmental protection, etc. – lecture presents the typical and less known applications of gas chromatography, fast gas chromatography (Fast GC) - the method principle, the columns and apparatus construction and work, two-dimensional chromatography;
Electrochemistry in ecoanalytics - lecture covers the basics of electrochemical methods: polarography, amperometry, conductometry, potentiometry, coulometry, the application of these techniques as a detection systems in electromigration techniques and chromatography will be also discussed.

Laboratory classes:
Optimization of separation conditions in micro and electromigration techniques: micro-HPLC chromatograph construction, the special focus on the influence of extracolumn volume on the separation system efficiency; the methods of preparation of chromatography columns, set-up for the capillary and classical columns packing - display; preparation of fused silica capillaries for capillary electrophoresis, the detection window preparation (practical works), construction of CE apparatus, the comparison of the vitamin mixture separation by CE and MEKC - discussion on the separation mechanism.
Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), P & T, SDE, ASE - discussion on the construction and operation of SFE and ASE apparatus, preparation of the sample for extraction, selection of the extraction conditions - caffeine extraction from coffee or tea with the final determination by MEKC - an example.
Optimization of the separation process in GC I (GC construction, temperature gradient, flow optimization, Fisons) - discussion about the gas chromatograph construction, preparation of the GC for analysis, determination of the optimum carrier gas flow, BTEX mixture separation in isocratic and gradient conditions.
Analysis of pharmaceuticals and natural products coupled with separation techniques: SFE/ASE - LC/MSn, LC/MS.

During the laboratory classes students also become familiar with:
1. Equipment construction;
2. Methodology of preparation of capillary for electromigration techniques;
3. Column quality evaluation;
4. Principles of separation under CZE and MEKC conditions. Separation mechanisms also will be discussed.